Psoriasis: Causes, Symptoms & Diagnosis

What Causes Psoriasis?

• Immune System Dysfunction – The body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, causing excessive skin cell turnover.
• Genetics – Psoriasis often runs in families, though environmental factors influence its onset.
• Environmental Triggers – Stress, cold weather, infections, and certain medications can trigger flare-ups.

Types of Psoriasis & Symptoms

• Plaque Psoriasis (Most Common) – Red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales.
• Guttate Psoriasis – Small, drop-like lesions, often triggered by infections.
• Inverse Psoriasis – Shiny, smooth, red patches in skin folds (under breasts, armpits, groin).
• Scalp Psoriasis – Causes dandruff-like flakes and itching on the scalp.
• Nail Psoriasis – Leads to thickened, pitted, or discolored nails.
• Psoriatic Arthritis – Joint pain and swelling affecting some people with psoriasis.

Psoriasis vs. Eczema

• Psoriasis – Thick, inflamed, scaly patches; often linked to the immune system.
• Eczema – Red, dry, intensely itchy skin, usually triggered by allergies.

Is Psoriasis Dangerous?

Psoriasis itself is not life-threatening, but it can lead to serious complications, such as:

• Psoriatic Arthritis – A painful joint condition that can cause permanent damage.
• Increased Risk of Heart Disease – Chronic inflammation raises cardiovascular risks.
• Mental Health Impact – Many patients experience depression and anxiety due to visible skin symptoms.

How to Diagnose Psoriasis?

• Physical Examination – A dermatologist examines skin, nails, and scalp.
• Skin Biopsy – A small sample of skin may be tested to rule out other conditions.
• Medical History – Family history and symptom patterns are considered.

Common Triggers for Psoriasis Flare-Ups

• Stress & Anxiety – High-stress levels often lead to flare-ups.
• Cold, Dry Weather – Lack of moisture aggravates symptoms.
• Infections – Strep throat and other infections can trigger psoriasis.
• Certain Medications – Beta-blockers, lithium, and antimalarial drugs may worsen psoriasis.

Psoriasis & Quality of Life

Living with psoriasis can be challenging, as it can cause physical discomfort, social stigma, and emotional distress. Early diagnosis and a proactive approach to symptom management can significantly improve daily life and overall well-being.